Epilepsy therapy using phenytoin reduces leukocytes : Epilepsy therapy using phenytoin

Nungky Kusuma; Aliffadinya Paramarisa; Suliman Purwoko

doi:10.59747/smjidisurabaya.v2i2.63

Penulis

Nungky Kusuma RSPAL dr. Ramelan
Aliffadinya Paramarisa
Suliman Purwoko Neurology Department, Indonesian Navy Central Hospital dr. Ramelan, Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59747/smjidisurabaya.v2i2.63

Abstrak

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, and the primary goal of treatment is to eliminate seizures while minimizing the side effects of treatment as much as possible. Phenytoin is one of the main drugs in epilepsy treatment. One of the side effects of phenytoin is that it can reduce the number of leukocytes in the blood, thereby increasing the possibility of infection. The minimum number of white blood cells ever counted due to the effects of phenytoin use is 300/mm3. Objective: This report aims to present a rare case of the side effects of phenytoin. Case: a 40-year-old woman with a history of epilepsy, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and thrombocytopenia presented with leukopenia was referred to our hospital. She had taken phenytoin for 16 days, and her leukocyte had decreased from 1,700/mm³ at a previous hospital to 470/mm³ upon admission to our hospital. After discontinuing phenytoin and witching to valproic acid, her leukocyte gradually increased to 2,210/mm³, thereby that she was able to recover and return home. Conclusion: Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that can cause leukopenia due to its immunotoxin effects. However, this leukopenia is reversible and typically asymptomatic

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Epilepsy therapy using phenytoin reduces leukocytes